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A novel screening approach for identification of biocatalysts by reverse omics techniques was developed. Basic principle is the differential analysis of metatranscriptomes obtained from cultures treated either with the substrate or the product of the enzymatic reaction of interest. All genes upregulated in the substrate-containing culture respond to the added compound and could be involved in its degradation or belong to respective transporters or resistance mechanisms. Nitrilases, enzymes degrading often toxic nitriles to the corresponding carboxylic acids and ammonia, were chosen as bioca...