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Page count: 11

During 1940 and 1941 a series of modifications was incorporated in a typical light airplane to increase its safety. The modifications included: decreasing the wing incidence, increasing the wing washout, increasing the area and aspect ratio of horizontal and vertical tails, moving the elevators out of the propeller slipstream, depressing the thrust axis, and limiting the rudder travel. These modifications were considered ones which could reasonable be made to existing airplanes without basically modifying their external appearence.