This book provides a detailed overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of both primary headaches – migraine, tension-type headache (TTH), and cluster headache – and the very important and frequent type of secondary headache, medication overuse headache (MOH). After an introductory chapter describing relevant neuroanatomy and vascular anatomy, the evidence gained from animal models regarding the pathophysiology of migraine and the other primary headaches is reviewed. Knowledge of the genetic component in the different types of headache is then examined with reference to recent evidence, for example regarding the implication of the trigeminovascular system and cortical spreading depression in migraine. Detailed information is provided on insights into primary headaches from imaging studies, including functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography and on their neurophysiology and biochemistry. A further series of important chapters describe present knowledge of the pathophysiology of each specific type of headache and consider future directions. Written by acknowledged experts in their fields from Europe and the United States, clinicians and students will find Pathophysiology of Headaches to be an excellent source of up-to-date information on why patients experience headaches. In addition, it will be of value for pain researchers investigating the underlying mechanisms of headache.

These 200 abstracts, in English, Arabic and Turkish, showcase scholarship that examines cities as built (architecture and urban infrastructure) and lived (urban social life and culture) environments.

Non-renewable materials can no longer be disposed once humankind's ever increasing needs cannot be fulfilled anymore due to limited resources. Reuse and recycling become inevitable requirements for product and process design. Renewable resources must not be consumed in quantities higher than can be regained. New technologies have to be developed and applied for a Sustainable Product Development and Life Cycle Engineering to fulfill the needs of humankind, protecting public health, welfare, and environment. The 8th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing brings together some of the world’s leading experts to present a scientific conference in Abu Dhabi, one of the world’s fastest growing economies and a global leader in the development of sustainable technologies. The conference will focus on 7 areas: Value adding by sustainable manufacturing in the UAE Potentials of renewables Education for sustainability engineering Green supply chain and transportation Microelectronics and resource efficiency Technology driven startups Sustainable products and manufacturing processes

Students are using electronic resources more than ever before to locate information for assignments. Without the proper search terms, results are incomplete, and students are frustrated. Using the keywords, key people, organizations, and web sites provided in this book, compiled from the most commonly used databases, students will be able to perform successful searches for 144 of the most popular research topics, on their own or in the classroom. The 144 topics are divided into nine broad subject areas: Arts and Literature; Business, Communication, and Economics; Culture and Cultural Diversity; Health and Wellness; History, Political Science and Law; Philosophy and Religion; Science and Technology; Social Issues and Sociology; and Sports and Recreational Interests. Each topic section provides an extended list of keywords to be used alone or in combination with other words in the section to perform Boolean searches. The selected lists of key people include activists, artists, entertainers, politicians, scientists, and other well-known personalities in each field. Organizations and web sites lead the student to even more resources, providing a solid overview of each topic for the beginning researcher, as well as increasing general on-line searching skills.

Using clear and accessible language this book examines the growing field of ‘smart technology’ for the home. The author first introduces the field before exploring the various background issues, including how the home differs from other environments. He then shows how these background issues affect the design and usability of these technologies. A detailed case study looks at the use of handheld and wearable digital technology in sheltered housing. The last section examines what it is like to live in a smart home and why they have so far failed to reach the levels of success originally predicted. Invaluable reading for anybody interested in designing smart technologies for the home.

Explores the impact of country and firm specific factors, the role of institutions and governments, the strive for compensation of initial disadvantages and the struggle in finding ways to counterbalance late coming into the international arena in the process of internationalization.

An overview of the language in South Asia within a linguistic, historical and sociolinguistic context, comprising authoritative contributions from international scholars within the field of language and linguistics. It is an accessible interdisciplinary book for students and scholars in sociolinguistics, multilingualism, language planning and South Asian studies.

The remote mountain loch of Lochnagar is one of the most studied freshwater bodies in Europe. This book brings together knowledge gained over two decades of multi-disciplinary scientific study, with the results of lake sediment research covering millennia, to show how the loch has developed both naturally and as a result of human impact. Particular emphasis is placed on how this fragile ecosystem, and others like it, may be affected by future climate change.

Sometime in the future the head librarian at a great center of learning suddenly disappears, leaving behind a journal that describes his weariness with a world "where people teach but know nothing, where the sentences flow on endlessly but lead nowhere." His successor in the post becomes more and more intrigued by the vanished man's fate, until a series of mysterious clues lead him on a journey both inward and outward, to a world that begins where language ends. Within a matter of weeks he finds himself in the company of powerful dervishes, God-intoxicated nomads whose eyes blaze with love, and ragged beggars with the smile of the Pure One. These men, the followers of an enlightened Shaykh, speak little, but simply to be in their company fills him with ecstasy and knowledge.