Standardized walking surfaces that provide information for blind or vision-impaired people, also known as tactile walking surface indicators (TWSIs), were first developed in Japan in the 1960s and have since been applied in both sidewalk and transit station contexts in many countries, including the United States and Canada. Consistency in cues for wayfinding is extremely important for these travelers, especially because they are unable to use many other cues available to travelers with unimpaired vision.TCRP Research Report 248: Tactile Wayfinding in Transportation Settings for Travelers Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired, Volume 2: Guide, from TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program, describes the technical specifications for selection, usability, installation, and maintenance of TWSIs in multimodal environments. It has a first volume titled TCRP Research Report 248: Tactile Wayfinding in Transportation Settings for Travelers Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired, Volume 1: Conduct of Research.