This book on Dukkha: Suffering in Early Buddhism gives an introduction to the concept of suffering, deals with the analysis of suffering in non-Buddhist system, examples the components of suffering in early Buddhism, identifies the origin of suffering and discusses about deliverance. Contents: Introduction, Duhkha in Indian Philosophy, Conception of Dukkha in Early Buddhism, Origin of Dukkha, Means of Deliverance from Dukkha, Nibbana, Conclusions.

First published in 1984, Peace Through Education records the history of the first 45 years of the Council for Education in World Citizenship (CEWC). It describes the rise in interest of increased international understanding in the years preceding the book’s publication and highlights the influential role of the CEWC in encouraging educators to make the rising generations aware of threats to world peace. Created in 1939, at a time of tense international crisis, the organization’s record is both an important and fascinating story. The book provides an overview of the history and work of the organization and assesses how far the Council has achieved its objectives, and how successful it has been in satisfying needs and wielding influence.

It is widely assumed that internal power-sharing is a viable democratic means of managing inter-communal conflict in divided societies. In principle, this form of government enables communities that have conflicting identities to remedy longstanding patterns of discrimination and to co-exist peacefully. Key arguments in support of this view can be found in the highly influential works of Arend Lijphart and Donald Horowitz. Power Sharing seeks to explore the unintended consequences of power-sharing for the communities themselves, their individual members, and for others in society. More specifically, it is distinctive in questioning explicitly whether power sharing: perpetuates inter-communal conflict by institutionalising difference at the political level; inhibits conflict resolution by encouraging extremism; stifles internal diversity; and fails to leave sufficient space for individual autonomy. This book not only provides a theoretical exploration and critique of these questions, but comprehensively examines specific test cases where power-sharing institutions have been established, including in Northern Ireland, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia and Lebanon. It also explores such issues as the role of political leaders, human rights instruments, the position of women, and the prospects for reconciliation within such societies. Furthermore it provides a detailed set of policy recommendations to meet the challenges of transition in deeply-divided societies.

Studies of African economic development frequently focus on the daunting challenges the continent faces. From recurrent crises to ethnic conflicts and long-standing corruption, a raft of deep-rooted problems has led many to regard the continent as facing many hurdles to raise living standards. Yet Africa has made considerable progress in the past decade, with a GDP growth rate exceeding five percent in some regions. The African Successes series looks at recent improvements in living standards and other measures of development in many African countries with an eye toward identifying what shaped them and the extent to which lessons learned are transferable and can guide policy in other nations and at the international level. The first volume in the series, African Successes: Governments and Institutions considers the role governments and institutions have played in recent developments and identifies the factors that enable economists to predict the way institutions will function.

The Sage Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies offers a comprehensive exploration of the complexities of violence, conflict, and peace from a global, interdisciplinary perspective. The handbook addresses the traditional Western-centric approach while emphasizing the need to integrate Global South perspectives to create a more inclusive and transformative understanding of peace and conflict. While important voices in peace and conflict studies have long stressed the need to not only address direct violence but also structural and cultural one, certain strands of the field have upheld conservative knowledge production and reinforced unequal power structures. This volume seeks to challenge these biasesby foregrounding critical and decolonial approaches that emphasize gender, race, culture, global history, and political economy. Its diverse chapters invite us to question mainstream assumptions and promote a broader, more inclusive analysis of peace and conflict. The handbook explores the evolution of the field, highlighting the impact of historical events and the role of oppositional knowledge in political change. It offers a critical overview of theoretical approaches, emphasizing reflexivity, inclusivity, and the importance of local actors in peace and conflict dynamics. Additionally, it examines how cultural and disciplinary assumptions shape peacebuilding and conflict transformation, and it critiques traditional global narratives on issues like governance, climate change, and human rights. Finally, the handbook presents real-world case studies that integrate themes of decoloniality, race, gender, and power inequalities across diverse global contexts. By centering the Global South and integrating interdisciplinary perspectives, this handbook provides valuable insights for scholars and practitioners committed to fostering a more equitable and just world. Section 1: History, Knowledge, and Power in Peace and Conflict Studies Section 2: Theory and Analysis in Peace and Conflict Studies Section 3: Practices and Approaches in Peace and Conflict Studies Section 4: Global Issues, Institutions, and Change in Peace and Conflict Studies Section 5: Case Studies in Peace and Conflict Studies

"Investigating the causes and consequences of ethnic conflict, the authors argue that the most effective responses are those that take into account factors at the local, state, regional and global level and that avoid seeking simplistic explanations and solutions to what is a truly complex phenomenon." "Ethnic conflicts are man-made, not natural disasters, and as such they can be understood, prevented and settled. However, it takes skilful, committed and principled leaders to achieve durable settlements that are supported by their followers, and it takes the long-term commitment of the international community to enable and sustain such settlements." --Book Jacket.

Why does political decentralization reduce intrastate conflict more in some countries than in others? Can political institutions be designed to engender peace? If so, how? Addressing these questions, Dawn Brancati's Peace by Design advances the current debate on decentralization beyond a discussion of whether or not decentralization is effective in reducing conflict, to when and under what conditions it is successful. The book bridges opposing views while offering an original one, arguing that decentralization's ability to reduce conflict hinges on the electoral strength of regional parties, which, in turn, varies according to different institutional features of decentralization. Various aspects of political systems likewise affect the extent to which regional parties stimulate conflict and conversely, the degree to which statewide parties mitigate it. Rich in scholarly as well as policymaking insights, and grounded in extensive qualitative and quantitative research, Peace by Design illuminates the exigent issue of how to design political institutions in order to promote peace. Dawn Brancati is an Assistant Professor at Washington University in St. Louis. Previously, she taught at Harvard University and held fellowships from the Harvard-MIT Data Center and the Center for the Study of Democratic Politics at Princeton University. List of Figures List of Tables 1. Introduction Part I: Theory Development 2. Decentralization: Fueling the Fire or Dampening the Flames of Intrastate Conflict? Part II: Case Study Analysis 3. Czechoslovakia 4. Spain 5. India Part III: Quantitative Analysis 6. Ethnic Conflict and Secessionism 7. Regional Parties 8. Conclusion References Endnotes Index

This book uses a series of case studies to examine the roles played by universities during situations of conflict, peacebuilding and resistance. While a body of work dealing with the role of education in conflict does exist, this is almost entirely concerned with compulsory education and schooling. This book, in contrast, highlights and promotes the importance of higher education, and universities in particular, to situations of conflict, peacebuilding and resistance. Using case studies from Europe, Africa, Asia and the Middle East, this volume considers institutional responses, academic responses and student responses, illustrating these in chapters written by those who have had direct experience of these issues. Looking at a university’s tripartite functions (of research, teaching and service) in relation to the different phases or stages of conflict (pre conflict, violence, post conflict and peacebuilding), it draws together some of the key contributions a university might make to situations of instability, resistance and recovery. The book is organised in five sections that deal with conceptual issues, institutional responses, academic-led or discipline-specific responses, teaching or curriculum-led responses and student involvement. Aimed at those working in universities or concerned with conflict recovery and peacebuilding it highlights ways in which universities can be a valuable, if currently neglected, resource. This book will be of much interest to students of peace studies, conflict resolution, education studies and IR in general.

During an armed conflict or period of gross human rights violations, the first priority is a cessation of violence. For the cease-fire to be more than a lull in hostilities and atrocities, however, it must be accompanied by a plan for political transition and social reconstruction. Essential to this long-term reconciliation process is education reform that teaches future generations information repressed under dictatorial regimes and offers new representations of former enemies. In Teaching the Violent Past, Cole has gathered nine case studies exploring the use of history education to promote tolerance, inclusiveness, and critical thinking in nations around the world. Online Book Companion is available at: http://www.cceia.org/resources/for_educators_and_students/teaching_the_violent_past/index.html

Rethinking Pakistan is a wide-ranging analytical dissection of the Pakistani polity and offers a well-meaning, progressive prescription for present-day Pakistan, stitched together by an eclectic list of experts spanning diverse backgrounds and subjects. From energy self-sufficiency and scientific development to freedom of the press and the essential question of the dominance of the military over civilian affairs, this compendium offers a suitable guide for anyone who seeks to understand the striking mix of contemporary and historic challenges faced by Pakistan in the twenty-first century. The book deals with Pakistan's contemporary realities and future prospects.