Much of what government does depends on money. From the nation's founding until today, conflicts over the powers to tax, spend, and borrow have been at the heart of American politics. Why Budgets Matter is a comprehensive account of how these conflicts over budget policy have shaped national politics by determining the size and role of the federal government. In Why Budgets Matter Dennis Ippolito offers new insights into the enduring debate over "limited government" versus "big government" in the United States. This book will be a valuable resource for students, scholars, and policymakers seeking a better understanding of the background to the fiscal problems we face today.

Must we resign ourselves to a growing chasm between rich and poor? Bruce Ackerman and Anne Alstott propose an innovative alternative in this thought-provoking book: an eighty thousand dollar grant for every qualifying young adult. The authors analyze this plan from many perspectives and argue that such a citizen's stake would open the way to a society that is more democratic, productive, and free. "A serious, smart book, which also functions as a cogent critique of the inequality of opportunity that has become a given in modern America."-New Yorker "A Big New Idea so bold in its simplicity, so pure in its claims to justice, . . . that the only shock is that it is certain to get a hearing as the fight to fix Social Security heats up this year."-Matthew Miller, New York Times Magazine "The new century needs political and social innovation even more than it needs business innovation. The authors have done well what intellectuals are supposed, but are seldom bold enough, to do-innovate ideas about important social issues."-Jack Beatty, Atlantic Monthly "A big idea like this is significant because it can reframe the public debate. It can change the prevailing assumptions. Eventually, it can change the course of the nation."-Robert Reich, Former Secretary of Labor, Washington Post

For the greater part of recorded history the most successful and powerful states were autocracies; yet now the world is increasingly dominated by democracies. In A Free Nation Deep in Debt, James Macdonald provides a novel answer for how and why this political transformation occurred. The pressures of war finance led ancient states to store up treasure; and treasure accumulation invariably favored autocratic states. But when the art of public borrowing was developed by the city-states of medieval Italy as a democratic alternative to the treasure chest, the balance of power tipped. From that point on, the pressures of war favored states with the greatest public creditworthiness; and the most creditworthy states were invariably those in which the people who provided the money also controlled the government. Democracy had found a secret weapon and the era of the citizen creditor was born. Macdonald unfolds this tale in a sweeping history that starts in biblical times, passes via medieval Italy to the wars and revolutions of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and ends with the great bond drives that financed the two world wars.

In the turbulent years between passage of the Federal Reserve Act (1913) and the Bretton Woods Agreement (1945), the people of the western world suffered two world wars, two major and several minor international financial panics, and epidemic of currency devaluations and debt repudiations, civil wars and revolutions. From his vantage point as economist for the Chase Manhattan Bank and editor of the Chase Economic Bulletin, who participated in much of what he records, Dr Anderson here describes the climactic events of a turbulent era.

Annotation This is Vol 3 of the Handbook of Industrial Organization series (HIO). Vols 1 & 2 published simultaneously in 1989 under the editorship of Richard Schmalensee and Robert Willig. Many of the chapters in these successful volumes were widely cited and appeared on graduate reading lists, and some continue to appear even recently. Since the first volumes published, the field of industrial organization has continued to evolve. As the editors acknowledge in the Preface, these volumes had some gaps and this new volume aims to fill some of those gaps. The aim is to serve as a source, reference and teaching supplement for industrial organization, or industrial economics, the microeconomics field that focuses on business behavior and its implications for both market structures and processes, and for related public policies. The first two volumes of the HIO appeared at roughly the same time as Jean Tirole's book The Theory of Industrial Organization. Together they helped revolutionize the teaching of industrial organization, and provided a state-of-the-art summary. Tirole's book is concerned with the relevant theory, and several reviewers noted that the first two volumes of HIO contained much more discussion of the theoretical literature than of the empirical literature. In most respects, this imbalance was an accurate reflection of the field. Since then, the empirical literature has flourished, while the theoretical literature has continued to grow, and this new volume reflects that change of emphasis. *Part of the renown Handbooks in Economics series *Chapters are contributed by some of the leading experts in their fields. *A source, reference and teaching supplement for industrial organizations, or industrial economicists.

This book examines the Nanjing decade of Guomindang rule (1927-1937) and the early post-Mao reform era (1980-1992) of Chinese history that have commonly been viewed as periods of state disintegration or retreat. And they were--at the central level. When reexamined at the local level, however, both are revealed as periods of state building.

Markets and governments -- Institutions and governance -- Public goods -- Public finance for public goods -- Market corrections -- Voting -- Social justice -- Entitlements and equality of opportunity -- Choice of taxation -- The need for government.

New Accounting and Management challenges for Public Entities require a continuous introduction of innovations and reforms in accordance with new international trends, techniques and experiences. In order to carry this out, extensive knowledge of Innovations in Government Accounting and Reporting, International Standards, Performance Evaluation Developments and relevant national experiences will without doubt be indispensable. The purpose of this book is to present an updated overview of the most useful and innovative International Experiences in Governmental Accounting, Reporting and Control. The content of the volume is the result of high-quality contributions from prestigious researchers and public sector professionals, presenting a perspective on the current state and foreseeable evolution of International Government Accounting. The book is primarily aimed at public sector managers, accountants and researchers, although financial analysts, administrators, auditors, and graduate students will also find it highly relevant.

Much more than a book on compiling grant proposals, Grant Management: Funding for Public and Nonprofit Programs presents grant writing in its broader organizational management framework. This text takes a comprehensive approach to external funding for public and nonprofit agencies. The book begins with an introduction to grants, their types, their history and their key characteristics to inform the next stagethe search for funding. A key part of any management process, an entire chapter considers the purpose and approaches to evaluation that should be considered in conjunction with grant-funded programs. The book concludes with a chapter that considers the process in reversehow to go about distributing funds as a grant maker rather than a grant seeker. This text leads the reader through the technical steps of preparing an application, explaining the process used to make decisions, key aspects of grant management, and includes a summary of important factors directly pertaining to grant funds. Written from the perspective of community development, With information drawn from core theories and tools of public administration, Grant Management: Funding for Public and Nonprofit Programs addresses overarching theoretical issues for public management as well as offers an applied perspective of grant funding and management. This is an ideal text for students and public and nonprofit managers alike.

This paper explains the primary aim behind the founding of the IMF. The IMF is a cooperative institution that 181 countries have voluntarily joined because they see the advantage of consulting with one another in this forum to maintain a stable system of buying and selling their currencies so that payments in foreign money can take place between countries smoothly and without delay. The IMF lends money to members having trouble meeting financial obligations to other members, but only on condition that they undertake economic reforms to eliminate these difficulties for their own good and that of the entire membership.