This book contains all the papers on Greek Colonization published by A. J. Graham over the last forty years. In addition, it includes one new paper, not previously published, entitled 'Thasian Controversies'.

This Festschrift offers a range of essays in ancient Greek and Roman history, mirroring the diverse abilities of the honoree, A. J. Graham. Topics include colonization, constitutional history, and military history.

COLONY AND MOTHER CITY IN ANCIENT GREECE by A. B. GRAHAM. Preface: The first part of the book is to a description of Greek and tices regarding the actual founding of a colony, about which there appear to have been general fixed principles. He then goes on to consider the subsequent relations between the colony its mother city. The author discusses the genera batU M which links were formed between city and colony, involving such questions as mutual citizenship and religious con nections. He also considers the variations found In the relationships caused by such factors as distance and the power and ambitions of the mother city. As a synthesis which presents and discusses material widely spread in place and time, much of It previously accessible only to specialists, this book should become both the standard general treat ment of the subject and the basis for future studies of this aspect of Greek colonization. Contents include: Preface ix Abbreviations xi Select Bibliography xiii Introduction xvii I Prolegomena j Principles of arrangement i Some generalizations and distinctions 4 The character of the evidence 8. PART I: THE ACT OF FOUNDATION. II Traditional practices 25 III The role of the oikist 29 IV Foundation decrees 40. PART II: SUBSEQUENT RELATIONS V Thasos and the effect of distance 7 1 VI Miletus and the question of mutual citizenship 98 VII Corinth and the colonial empire 118 The Corinthian colonial empire 1 1 8 Corinth's relations with Syracuse and Corcyra 1412 Corcyra and her colonies 149 VIII Argos, Cnossus, Tylissus, and religious relations 154 IX Athens and late imperial colonies 166 Cleruchies and doubtful cases 167 Other imperial colonies 192 X Conclusion 211.

Coral reefs represent the most spectacular and diverse marine ecosystem on the planet as well as a critical source of income for millions of people. However, the combined effects of human activity have led to a rapid decline in the health of reefs worldwide, with many now facing complete destruction. Their world-wide deterioration and over-exploitation has continued and even accelerated in many areas since the publication of the first edition in 2009. At the same time, there has been a near doubling in the number of scientific papers that have been written in this short time about coral reef biology and the ability to acclimate to ocean warming and acidification. This new edition has been thoroughly revised and updated, incorporating the significant increase in knowledge gained over the last decade whilst retaining the book's focus as a concise and affordable overview of the field. The Biology of Coral Reefs provides an integrated overview of the function, physiology, ecology, and behaviour of coral reef organisms. Each chapter is enriched with a selection of 'boxes' on specific aspects written by internationally recognised experts. As with other books in the Biology of Habitats Series, the emphasis in this book is on the organisms that dominate this marine environment although pollution, conservation, climate change, and experimental aspects are also included. Indeed, particular emphasis is placed on conservation and management due to the habitat's critically endangered status. A global range of examples is employed which gives the book international relevance.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Coral reefs provide ecosystem goods and services for millions of people in the tropics, but reef conditions are declining worldwide. Effective solutions to the crisis facing coral reefs depend in part on understanding the context under which different types of conservation benefits can be maximized. Our global analysis of nearly 1,800 tropical reefs reveals how the intensity of human impacts in the surrounding seascape, measured as a function of human population size and accessibility to reefs ("gravity"), diminishes the effectiveness of marine reserves at sustaining reef fish biomass and the presence of top predators, even where compliance with reserve rules is high. Critically, fish biomass in high-compliance marine reserves located where human impacts were intensive tended to be less than a quarter that of reserves where human impacts were low. Similarly, the probability of encountering top predators on reefs with high human impacts was close to zero, even in high-compliance marine reserves. However, we find that the relative difference between openly fished sites and reserves (what we refer to as conservation gains) are highest for fish biomass (excluding predators) where human impacts are moderate and for top predators where human impacts are low. Our results illustrate critical ecological trade-offs in meeting key conservation objectives: reserves placed where there are moderate-to-high human impacts can provide substantial conservation gains for fish biomass, yet they are unlikely to support key ecosystem functions like higher-order predation, which is more prevalent in reserve locations with low human impacts.

Private Detective Kyle Lassiter, a solid man, forged within the Marine Corps Black Ops community, is in the process of expanding his private detective agency, while his girlfriend, Sue Jiovanni continues her life working for Charlie at the East Pier Caf�.Kyle is a determined Man who struggles with his conscience as he makes his way through the day to day problems of life in East Pier. His best friend, Detective Don Keller, a man who knows Kyle better than anyone, works to help Kyle keep his sanity during these trying times. Kyle is faced with challenges that test even his well trained abilities. Kyle doesn't fall in line with law enforcement rules, he has a code of his own, and he has no problems handling things on his own. However, Kyle has issues with leaving a job undone. Kyle works, in his own way, to see that justice is done, and sometimes, Justice is best served angry.