Uncertain Worlds is the definitive presentation of the evolution of world-systems analysis from the point of view of its founder, Immanuel Wallerstein. Few theorists have offered a more systematic theory of what has become known as 'globalisation' than Wallerstein. The book includes a one-of-kind interview with Wallerstein by Carlos Rojas, a conversation between Wallerstein and Lemert about the history of the field as it has come down to the present time, a long essay by Lemert on the uncertainties of the modern world-system, as well as a preface by Rojas and a concluding essay by Wallerstein. No other book lends such biographical, historical, and personal nuance to the biography of world-systems analysis and, thus, to the history of our times. The will be a key reference book for students of global politics, economics and international relations.

The only reader currently available on criminality in Latin America, Reconstructing Criminality in Latin America reconstructs the way in which different Latin American societies have viewed, described, defined, and reacted to criminal behavior. Crime in Latin America is explored in terms of gender, race, class, and criminological theory. The highly readable essays in this book explore how Catholic notions of sin, natural law, the 'divine' rights of absolutist monarchs, liberal rights of 'man,' positivism, and social Darwinism received a sympathetic, even enthusiastic, endorsement from policy makers throughout Latin America. Reconstructing Criminality in Latin America also shows how new methodologies have given scholars deeper insight into the significance of crime in Latin American societies. The selections testify that the insights of scholars like Eric Hobsbawm and Michel Foucault are the foundations of modern histories of crime in Latin America. This book is ideal for criminal justice, sociology, and Latin American social history courses.

The Criminals of Lima and Their Worlds is the first major historical study of the creation and development of the prison system in Peru. Carlos Aguirre examines the evolution of prisons for male criminals in Lima from the conception—in the early 1850s—of the initial plans to build penitentiaries through the early-twentieth-century prison reforms undertaken as part of President Augusto Leguia’s attempts to modernize and expand the Peruvian state. Aguirre reconstructs the social, cultural, and doctrinal influences that determined how lawbreakers were treated, how programs of prison reform fared, and how inmates experienced incarceration. He argues that the Peruvian prisons were primarily used not to combat crime or to rehabilitate allegedly deviant individuals, but rather to help reproduce and maintain an essentially unjust social order. In this sense, he finds that the prison system embodied the contradictory and exclusionary nature of modernization in Peru. Drawing on a large collection of prison and administrative records archived at Peru’s Ministry of Justice, Aguirre offers a detailed account of the daily lives of men incarcerated in Lima’s jails. In showing the extent to which the prisoners actively sought to influence prison life, he reveals the dynamic between prisoners and guards as a process of negotiation, accommodation, and resistance. He describes how police and the Peruvian state defined criminality and how their efforts to base a prison system on the latest scientific theories—imported from Europe and the United States—foundered on the shoals of financial constraints, administrative incompetence, corruption, and widespread public indifference. Locating his findings within the political and social mores of Lima society, Aguirre reflects on the connections between punishment, modernization, and authoritarian traditions in Peru.

The formation, organization, and accessibility of archives and libraries are critical for the production of historical narratives. They contain the materials with which historians and others reconstruct past events. Archives and libraries, however, not only help produce history, but also have a history of their own. From the early colonial projects to the formation of nation states in Latin America, archives and libraries had been at the center of power struggles and conflicting ideas over patrimony and document preservation that demand historical scrutiny. Much of their collections have been lost on account of accidents or sheer negligence, but there are also cases of recovery and reconstruction that have opened new windows to the past. The essays in this volume explore several fascinating cases of destruction and recovery of archives and libraries and illuminate the ways in which those episodes help shape the writing of historical narratives and the making of collective memories.

Im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert traten weltweit Gesetzgeber mit der Absicht auf, lokale Rechtsordnungen nach westlichem Muster umzubilden. Aber welche Modelle sollten als Vorbilder dienen, da doch die rechtliche Realität bereits in Westeuropa uneinheitlich war? Zudem wurde das importierte Recht vor Ort unterschiedlich aufgenommen, umformuliert und interpretiert. Der Band untersucht das Spannungsfeld zwischen den universellen Ansprüchen verschiedener imperialer und post-imperialer Gesetzgeber und der lokalen Umsetzung und Anwendung neuer Rechtsformen, von Lateinamerika und Afrika über Russland bis nach Ostasien.

Through the lens of political economy, this book positions housing as a key factor in understanding social inequality. It does so by drawing on rich empirical evidence from the case of the Chilean housing market. This book provides insights on the articulation between real estate development, housing provision and social inequality based on applied urban economics analyses that illustrate the contradictions of neoliberal urbanism through the case of Chile. For neoliberal urbanism, the good city is not equal for all, it is based on the principle of profitability and benefits from segregation to make capital investment more efficient. The chapters of this book expose how these processes are generated by a political system that allows them rather than by the invisible hand of the market. The book will be of interest to graduate students in urban studies, urban planning, sociology and urban geography. It will also appeal to decision-makers and also to actors in the real estate market seeking to perfect the social benefits of their professional activities, aspiring to generate more egalitarian and just cities.

"In 2005, when the AHPN was discovered, one government official commented, "Why waste time on this mountain of old paper." This is how they were actually found, piled on the floor, victims of time, humidity, laziness and pests, but above all, of secrecy and deception. From the first moment, the commitment on the part of those of us who worked in the Archivo Histórico de la Policía Nacional was that we would not be limited to rescuing those (S2(Bold papers(S3 (Bfrom dust but, above all, to liberate them from oblivion and secrecy in order to uncover their content. Guatemalan society has a right to recover the truth, to provide dignity to their victims, and to want to know about the past, in order to begin healing. People who dont know their own history cannot understand the present, and dont know who they are. The original publication of the report Del silencio a la memoria was unanimously praised as a step forward in both making the work and mission of the AHPN widely known and offering a synthesis of its potential to understand how systematic state repression worked. The story told in this report is an exemplary case of commitment with the past and the future of a society still recovering from the wounds of violence and social injustice"--Abstract.

The value-added tax (VAT) is often a major component of national fiscal structures. While its effects on allocative efficiency, inflation, income distribution, and tax administration have been addressed, little work exists on the theoretical base of a VAT, given its structure. This is essential for knowing how much of the base is actually taxed. Using Mexican national accounts and input-output tables, this paper develops a methodology for calculating the theoretical base of the Mexican VAT for 1980 and 1983 (two years whose individual VAT structures were considerably different). The method is applicable to other VAT systems as well.

Reconstrucción de las peripecias por las que pasó la primera novela del Premio Nobel peruano Mario Vargas Llosa. Cómo se manufactura, histórica y culturalmente hablando, un "clásico literario"? Los libros, como toda creación humana, tienen también su biografía. Esta incluye el proceso de creación mismo pero, además, una compleja trama de oportunidades, contactos, redes intelectuales y de amistad, filiaciones políticas, estrategias de publicidad y muchos otros factores. En 1963 apareció en Barcelona "La ciudad y los perros", la primera novela de Mario Vargas Llosa. Desde entonces ha tenido una trayectoria marcada por el éxito de crítica y lectores, pero también ha estado rodeada de polémica y escándalo. Este ensayo ofrece una reconstrucción lo más completa posible de las peripecias por las que pasó la primera novela del Premio Nobel peruano. Al hacerlo, ilumina facetas poco conocidas de la biografía de Vargas Llosa, la historia del boom latinoamericano, el mundo editorial y cultural de la época en Iberoamérica, la censura franquista y sus efectos y las conexiones entre literatura y política, especialmente en los años inmediatamente posteriores a la revolución cubana. Apartándose de la historia oficial y de los mitos que han rodeado la trayectoria de "La ciudad y los perros", este libro permite situaren sus coordenadas históricas y culturales el punto de partida de una novela y un autor que con el tiempo se convertirían en clásicos de la literatura peruana y universal.