When Spain exploded into civil war in July 1936, a conflict whose roots were deep in the Spanish past became the arena for the violent political passions that divided Europe north of the Pyrenees. Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union intervened actively in the war, using Spain as a testing ground for their military equipment and techniques and their political ideologies. In this first in-depth study of the politics of the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War, R. Dan Richardson views the Brigades in the wider context of both the complex political-military alignments of Loyalist Spain and the broader Soviet-Comintern strategy during the Popular Front era. While not denying the generous impulse that led many young men the world over to enlist in the cause of the Spanish Republic, he sees the Brigades primarily as instruments of communist policy. He argues that the directing force behind the enlistment, training, and deployment of the Brigades was the international communist organization—a compelling example of how the ends of propaganda and politics took precedence over military objectives. Using a wide array of sources in English, Spanish, French, Italian, and German, and a thorough analysis of the Brigades' own voluminous literary output, Richardson clearly shows that the Brigades were a significant political, ideological, and propaganda instrument, which was used effectively by the Comintern for its own purposes, not only in Spain but on the larger world stage.

The Rough Guide to Egypt is your indispensable guide to the oldest tourist destination on earth. The introduction highlights 'what not to miss', from jeep or camel safaris in the Western desert to the pyramids and Sphinx at Giza. This fully-updated 7th edition includes expanded coverage of Nile cruises and diving in the Red Sea and Mediterranean, as well as up-to-date coverage of Cairo, with accommodation and restaurants conveniently organised by district. The guide includes brand new "authors picks" section highlighting all the top places to eat, drink and stay to suit every budget and new sections on temples, Islamic architecture and reef flora and fauna. The guide also takes a comprehensive look at Egypt's fascinating history and culture and comes complete with maps and plans for every area. The Rough Guide to Egypt is like having a local friend plan your trip!

After her husband goes missing in Egypt, sheltered art curator Carina Wilde flies out to find him in a land devastated by a man-made flood. Stumbling upon the secrets he uncovered, she becomes a fugitive pursued by despots, religious fanatics, and occupying powers. Her only allies are an ex-gigolo, an orphan scavenging the ruins of Cairo, and a Suez bar-girl...

Provides practical advice on planning a trip to Egypt; describes points of interest in each section of the country; and includes information on restaurants, nightspots, shops, and lodging.

The Rough Guide to Moscow is the definitive guide to one of Europe's most fascinating and rewarding cities. The full-colour introduction covers the awe-inspiring Kremlin and The Red Square and includes the essential list of 'what not to miss'. There are lively explorations of all the sights, from Moscow's lavish palaces to world-class museums, as well as detailed accounts of Russian history and politics that have formed this intriguing city. You'll find two full-colour sections that highlight the New Moscow Style - contemporary art, design, fashion, galleries, boutiques, bars and clubs - and the magnificent art-deco metro, famous for its arts, murals, mosaics and ornate chandeliers. With updated and easy-to-use maps, expanded listings of nightlife, restaurants and hotels in Moscow for all budgets, The Rough Guide to Moscow is the must-have item to this colourful and spirited city.

The Rough Guide Snapshot to Cairo and the Pyramids is the ultimate travel guide to this iconic part of Egypt. It guides you through the region with reliable information and comprehensive coverage of all the sights and attractions, from the Egyptian Museum and the Coptic churches of Old Cairo to the pyramid fields at Giza and Dahshur. Detailed maps and up-to-date listings pinpoint the best cafés, restaurants, hotels, shops, bars and nightlife, ensuring you have the best trip possible, whether passing through, staying for the weekend or longer. Also included is the Basics section from the Rough Guide to Egypt, with all the practical information you need for travelling in and around the region, including transport, food, drink, costs, health, cultural tips and shopping. Also published as part of the Rough Guide to Egypt.

Adventurous, informative and opinionated, on everything from where to find Cairo's best restaurants to the latest discoveries from antiquity, the Rough Guide to Cairo & the Pyramids ranges from the famous Cities of the Dead to nightlife that only locals know. Getting the best deal, avoiding hassles and having fun are what this guidebook keeps in mind - so you can experience Cairo at its best. An ancient city and the greatest metropolis in the Middle East, its bazaars, museums, mosques, tombs and pyramids are covered in detail. There are clear directions on getting around, accurate maps including the complex byways of Saladin's Islamic Cairo, as well as Christian Coptic Cairo, modern Downtown Cairo, and the mind-blowing Egyptian Museum, plus excursions out of town, including to Alexandris. Well-informed listings - from authors who have been visiting the city for twenty years - reflect an inside knowledge of the city's hotels, restaurants and entertainment from shoestring to expense-account luxury. Whatever you plan to do in Cairo, the Rough Guide puts you in charge.

This guide to this little known but deeply rewarding country, includes comprehensive accounts of all the sights from the capital Sofia to the time-warped villiages and wayside monasteries. It includes practical advice on outdoor pursuits - the best hikes, ski centres and Black Sea beaches - plus a run-dwon on all the folk festivals and informed commentaries on Bulgaria's turbulent history.

St. Petersburg is the linchpin for travel to and around Russia, and this guidebook covers it all in this detailed city-guide format. From the historic Peter and Paul fortress to the remarkable art collection at the Hermitage, "The Rough Guide to St. Petersburg" brings this extraordinary European city fully up-to-date and makes it the most timely guide available. Four pages of color maps. 35 maps and plan.

This handbook features wide ranging coverage of all the sights, from the elegant Budapest to the villages of the Northern Uplands and the historical towns of the Danube Bend. It includes practical advice on exploring the great outdoors, such as tips on cruising the Danube, hiking in the hills and horse-riding on the Great Plain, plus the lowdown on where to sample the country's famous wines.