Agriculture on Bonaire does not support the demand for food on the island, and therefore the people are dependent on expensive food importation. Recently, any Bonairean people abandon their kunukus to take jobs in the urban area in tourism or off-island in the oil industry. Traditionally, a kunuku was used as an agricultural plot for food production for the household. A kunuku would usually have a cactus fence used to contain grazing goats or chickens, or to produce household amounts of sorghum maize, and keep animals out. In order to help restore nature to Bonaire and include it in the daily lives of people, restoration and use of cactus fences on kunukus are being considered as nature inclusive measure. In order to get a better understanding of the current use of kunukus and presence of cactus fences on the island, satellite information and field observations were collected about the state of kunukus and the use of cactus fences. Results show that kunukus are rapidly being abandoned. The predictive accuracy from satellite imagery of active kunukus was high (92.5%). Furthermore, only 4% of the active kunukus have a well-maintained cactus fence. Implications of these findings are discussed with focus on nature inclusiveness and the use of the kunuku as a means to restore a cultural pride, self-sufficiency, local economic diversification and a healthier food culture on Bonaire.

A large and growing number of EU and national policies draw on, or affect directly and indirectly, Europe’s forests, including their ecosystems. Hence, there is a need for improved efforts to provide up-to-date assessments of the condition of European forests. The Forest Information System for Europe (FISE) is launched to respond to this need. This report shows the content developed for the FISE platform in the form of mock-ups.

Bonaire is facing major challenges including (mass) tourism, population growth, urban expansion, climate change, biodiversity loss and the unilateral dependency on tourism. In thirty years, Bonaire will inevitably look different. Here, two different possible futures are presented, to form a basis for dialogue amongst stakeholders and to stimulate a positive change and sustainability on Bonaire. One of these scenarios follows current trends (business-as-usual), and the other bends those trends into a nature-inclusive future after a vision developed by a trans-disciplinary team of researchers, local experts and stakeholders. For both scenarios drivers and impacts are visualized and documented on climate, tourist numbers, population,infrastructure, resources, land use, erosion and nature. Visualizing scenarios is one important piece in creating awareness about the future as it allows to shed light of the difficult to grasp long-term effects, and explicitly showcases current trends. It gives opportunities to imagine a future that looks different from the prognosis, and to inspire to work towards a sustainable and desirable future.

Voorliggend rapport presenteert de uitkomsten van een monitoring van de vergroening voor het jaar 2019 volgens de geactualiseerde methode en gebruikmakend van gegevens die werden verzameld in samenwerking met RVO. De evaluatie laat zien hoe en door welke boeren maatregelen voor blijvend grasland, gewasdiversificatie en ecologische aandachtsgebieden en tevens de equivalente maatregelen zijn opgepakt. De resultaten werden geïnterpreteerd wat betreft te verwachten effecten in relatie tot de gestelde doelen van de vergroening. In de analyse worden ook de resultaten uit de voorgaande monitoringsrapportage betrokken, zodat een beeld ontstaat van de vergroening na vijf jaar.