Distillation modeling and several applications mostly in food processing field are discussed under three sections in the present book. The provided modeling chapters aimed both the thermodynamic mathematical fundamentals and the simulation of distillation process. The practical experiences and case studies involve mainly the food and beverage industry and odor and aroma extraction. This book could certainly give the interested researchers in distillation field a useful insight.

In this thesis we investigate a certain class of low-dimensional fermionic quantum field theories with four-Fermi interactions. Such theories are commonly used as effective low-energy models for quantum chromodynamics, the theory of strong interactions, and have applications in the realm of condensed-matter physics as well. For our purposes, their most important properties are the notion of chiral symmetry as well as its spontaneous breakdown, which is why a major part of this thesis is devoted to their study. On the one hand, we investigate a certain two-dimensional four-Fermi theory, the so-called chiral Gross-Neveu model, which has a continuous chiral symmetry group. We study the possibility of the model at finite temperature and density to exhibit inhomogeneous regions, where the order parameter for chiral symmetry breaking shows oscillatory behavior with the spatial coordinate. We find that remnant inhomogeneous structures can indeed be found even beyond the mean-field limit, albeit likely only on short scales. On the other hand, we consider a related theory with a discrete chiral group, referred to as the Gross-Neveu model, in three space-time dimensions. There, we shall be concerned with the influence of an external magnetic field on chiral symmetry and its spontaneous breaking. While mean-field approaches predict a rich phase structure for non-zero magnetic field and chemical potential, our simulations suggest that this is not the case in the full quantum theory. For all parameter values within the region of spontaneously broken chiral symmetry, we find the magnetic field to enhance the symmetry breaking even further, a phenomenon referred to as magnetic catalysis. In fact, a major goal of this thesis is to contrast the findings of our lattice simulations with existing mean-field results in order to understand to which extent the latter are capable of representing the full theory.

The following thesis has the objective to measure how far web-based projects can have an influence on regional integration in the European Union. Furthermore, it shall elaborate on the integration between the European citizens towards a creation of a European identity. The key findings of the analysis have been used to formulate implications for other regional organisations comparable to the EU. The analysis of the preconditions for integration according to the self-developed theory has shown that within the EU-borders all necessary requirements are provided. The examination of the two projects - European Schoolnet and STORK - has confirmed that they both have potential for further integration on the European level. Increased interdependence between the citizens is one example that enables more integration. The creation of a European identity on the other hand is a rather controversial subject. Because of the better availability of web-based projects the potential impact is much greater compared to traditional media. The conclusion for the European Schoolnet as well as STORK has therefore been quite promising. Both projects have an identity-building character, but it is questionable if they will actually enable the creation of a European identity. The key findings of the analysis are also implications for the inclusion of citizens or the improvement of interoperability for other transnational projects and organisations. Overall, one can conclude that digital media will and have to receive more attention in regional integration.

Aufgrund von stetig steigenden Qualitätsanforderungen an Software von Motorsteuerungskomponentensoll die Testtiefe bei gleichbleibendem Testaufwand erhöhtwerden. In dieser Masterarbeit wird eine semiautomatisierte Testfallgenerierung füreinen Regressionstest entwickelt. Im Zuge dessen werden verschiedene Stimulationenund Testumgebungen analysiert und im Bezug auf Automatisierungsgrad undTesttiefe bewertet. Anschließend wird der Regressionstest prototypisch implementiert.Mit der Implementierung wird die Testfallgenerierung in einem Regressionstestvalidiert.*****Due to constantly increasing quality requirements for software of engine controlcomponents, the test depth should be increased while maintaining the same testingeffort. In this master thesis a semi automated test case generation for a regressiontest is developed. In the course of various stimulations and test environmentsare analyzed and evaluated in terms of automation and test depth. Then the regressiontest is implemented prototypically. With this implementation the test casegeneration is validated in a regression test.