Fifty-two late Cenozoic species of fossil corals are described from the following formations of South Florida: Pinecrest, Caloosahatchee, Glades, Fort Thompson, and Key Largo Limestone/Miami Oolite. Fifty-one of the species are in the order Scleractinia and one in the order Milleporina. Five new species are proposed, and these are Diploria sarasotana, Thysanus floridanus, Dichocoenia caloosahatcheensis, Dichocoenia eminens, and Isophyllia ? desotoensis. The salient characters of the several formations are depicted, and their ages, as determined by both biogeologic and radiometric dating, are analyzed and compared.

This report is based largely on a study of the literature. It deals with the Acrothoracica (burrowing barnacles) and Rhizocephala (parasitic barnacles) occurring in Florida and the adjacent waters of the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and the Western Atlantic Ocean. Reported within this region are 4 species of Acrothoracica and 25 species of Rhizocephala. Each barnacle is briefly described, and the type illustrated from its original source. Information concerning the latitudinal range and ecological habitat of all of the discussed species is provided, and the names currenty used are applied to the Decapod Crustacea infested by the rhizocephalan parasites. Fossilization of the Acrothoracica and Rhizocephala is extremely rare because of their soft bodies. However, as determined from the character of their burrows, acrothoracians have been discovered in the Mio-Pliocene and Pleistocene of Florida. And, as conjectured from the stratigraphic position of its host, at least one species of Rhizocephala may have existed during the Late Miocene in Virginia and during the Pleistocene in Maryland.

Coronula macsotayi, a new species of whale barnacle from the Mare Formation of Venezuela, is described, compared, and illustrated. Its nearest relative is Coronula bifida Bronn, 1831, which occurs in the Pliocene and Pleistocene of Italy. The genus Coronula is reported for the first time from Venezuela.

Eight species of echinoids plus a number of isolated echinoid spines are described and illustrated. Six of the species are fossil, occurring in the Playa Grande, Mare, or Abisinia Formations of the Cabo Blanco Group, two are Recent, and one is both fossil and Recent. All but one (and possible even that) of the fossil species are known to be living, and at least six of the eight species are allopatric, having evolved into valid geographic forms by virtue of their restriction to Atlantic waters between eastern America and western Africa within the 30 degree parallels. Three of the fossils are recorded for the first time from the Pliocene, and one from the Pleistocene, of Venezuela. Tables are presented showing the percentage of Recent species by class and formation, in which is given a) the total number of fossil marine invertebrates collected from a particular formation, and b) the number and per cent of fossil species therein which are known also in the Recent. The tables disclose that although there is considerable variation in the survival rate to the Recent among different classes of Venezuelan Neogene invertebrates, each group has its particular life span, and the thesis is developed that once the Recent percentage is established everywhere for all groups of Tertiary fossils in all sedimentary units of established stratigraphic position, the percentage of one biologic entity should be indicative of a particular interval of Cenozoic time as any other biologic entity.