Biological Systematics: Principles and Applications draws equally from examples in botany and zoology to provide a modern account of cladistic principles and techniques. It is a core systematics textbook with a focus on parsimony-based approaches for students and biologists interested in systematics and comparative biology. Randall T. Schuh and Andrew V. Z. Brower cover: -the history and philosophy of systematics and nomenclature; -the mechanics and methods of analysis and evaluation of results; -the practical applications of results and wider relevance within biological classification, biogeography, adaptation and coevolution, biodiversity, and conservation; and -software applications. This new and thoroughly revised edition reflects the exponential growth in the use of DNA sequence data in systematics. New data techniques and a notable increase in the number of examples from molecular systematics will be of interest to students increasingly involved in molecular and genetic work.

Most students who take a course in biological systematics do so to learn how to construct a data matrix and generate and evaluate a tree of phylogenetic relationships. Biological Systematics: Principles and Applications, by Randall T. Schuh, provides a welcome tool for these students and their instructors: it is a comprehensive and completely new textbook, the first of its kind since 1981. Systematics, the study of the reconstruction of the history of life, forms the underlying basis for organizing the knowledge of biology; cladistics is the diagrammatic method of charting phylogenetic relationships over time among evolving life forms. Cladistics analysis, the key tool used in this book, is also of great use outside pure systematic studies, and interests many students of population biology, ecology, epidemiology, and natural resources.Suitable for both graduate and advanced undergraduate students, Biological Systematics: Principles and Applications covers the core material for courses in biological systematics, with equal emphasis on both botany and zoology. It includes sections on the history and resources of the field; biological nomenclature; the theory of homology, character analysis, and computer algorithms; and the application of the results of systematic studies in the areas of biological classification, biogeography, adaptation and co-evolution, and biodiversity and conservation.

This monumental reference work treats an entire worldwide order of insects. It summarizes, from both a biological and sytematic perspective, current knowledge on the Heteroptera, or true bugs, a group containing approximately 35,000 species, many of which are important to agriculture and public health. To introduce the reader to this group, Randall T. Schuh and James A. Slater offer chapters on the history of the study of the Heteroptera, research techniques, and sources of specimens. They also cover attributes of general biological interest, including habitats, habits, mimicry, and wing polymorphism; selected taxa of economic importance; and basic morphology.Presenting a current classification of the Heteroptera, the authors synthesize to the subfamily and sometimes tribal level the enormous, scattered literature, including diagnoses, keys, general natural history, a summary of distributions, and a listing of important faunistic works. In addition to a wealth of detailed illustrations, they provide a glossary to help the reader deal with the confusing terminology that has evolved over the years, as well as an extensive bibliography of more than 1350 entries.Meticulously prepared by two of the world's leading specialists, this major work will be the standard reference on the Heteroptera for many years to come.

"The book addresses the methods and philosophy of biological systematics (phylogenetics, taxonomy, and classification of living things). In particular, it emphasizes an empirical, cladistic approach, which espouses minimization of ad hoc hypotheses of evolution via the parsimony criterion for selecting preferred hypotheses of relationships, and recognition of groups based upon synapomorphies (inferred shared, derived character states) alone"--

"The genus Rhinacloa Reuter is revised. Thirty-seven species are included, 17 of which are described as new. Campylomma cardini Barber and Bruner, Europiella mella Van Duzee, Psallus incaicus Carvalho and Gomes, Psallus insularis Carvalho, Psallus longirostris Carvalho, Psallus usingeri Carvalho and Sthenarus basalis Reuter are transferred to Rhinacloa. The following new synonymies are created: Rhinacloa antennalis (Reuter) = Rhinacloa melanotelus Reuter; Rhinacloa clavicornis (Reuter) = Rhinacloa subpallicornis Knight and Rhinacloa lepagei Carvalho; Rhinacloa forticornis Reuter = Psallus minutulus Reuter and Rhinacloa incerta Reuter; Rhinacloa basalis (Reuter), new combination = Rhinacloa pallida Reuter, Rhinacloa pusillus (Knight), and Rhinacloa castanea Carvalho; Rhinacloa pallidipes Maldonaldo = Lepidopsallus riodocensis Carvalho and Rhinacloa punctipes Maldonaldo. Demarata mirifica Distant is treated as a species incertae sedis. Rhinacloa araguaiana Carvalho is transferred to Paramixia Reuter (Pilophorini). Lygus ordinatus Distant is placed in Ellenia Reuter (Phylini). Illustrations are presented for the antennae and male genitalic structures of most known Rhinacloa species; scanning electron micrographs are presented for the pretarsus and scale-like setae of many species. A key to separate the included species is included. A phylogenetic analysis of the species is presented, using Campylomma verbasci Meyer-D|r, Microphylidea prosopidis Knight, and Nigrimiris pallipes Carvalho and Schaffner for outgroup comparison. Distributional maps are provided for all species, indicating a range for Rhinacloa from the southwestern United States, the Caribbean including the Florida Keys, (with three widely distributed species occurring in Florida), the Galapagos Islands, and south to northern Argentina and central Chile. Rhinacloa forticornis is introduced into Hawaii"--Page 382

"The Pilophorini of the New World, including the genera Alepidiella Poppius (1 species), Pilophorus Hahn (44 species, 7 described as new), and Sthenaridea Reuter (7 species, 4 described as new) are revised. Alepidea Reuter is synonymized with Pilophorus and Paramixia Reuter is synonymized with Sthenaridea Reuter. The following species synonymies are created (junior names first): Pilophorus depictus Knight = P. furvus Knight; P. pinicola Knight = P. amoenus Uhler; P. crassipes Poppius and P. banksianae Knight = P. crassipes Heidemann; P. desertinus Knight, P. hesperus Knight, P. jezzardi Knight, P. mexicanus Knight, and P. microsetosus Knight = P. tibialis Van Duzee; P. barberi Knight = P. americanus Poppius; P. merinoi Knight = P. clavicornis Poppius; P. bellula Hussey and P. gracilis squamosa Knight = P. gracilis Uhler; P. australis Knight = P. brunneus Poppius; P. nicholi Knight and P. utahensis Knight = P. discretus Van Duzee; P. hirtus Knight = longisetosus Knight; P. tanneri Knight = P. salicis Knight; P. opacus Knight = P. vicarius Poppius; Psallus politus Uhler and Sthenarus plebejus Reuter = Sthenaridea vulgaris (Distant). Line drawings are presented for the antennae, male genitalic structures, and pronotum and hemelytra of all species; habitus views are presented for 10 species; scanning electron micrographs are presented for setal types, surface structure, and vesical structure. Keys to the genera and species are included"--Page 104

This is a revision of Jose Rollin de la Torre-Bueno's A Glossary of Entomology published in 1937. For more than half a century it has served as the most important reference for entomological terms in the English language. This is a much needed updated and revised edition of the original glossary.

The diagnostic features of Plagiognathus are clarified, with characteristics of the male genitalia being used for the first time in diagnosing the Nearctic species. The North American species are revised, with a total of 86 native and 3 introduced species being recognized. Twenty-four species are described as new. Habitus, vesical, and antennae illustrations are provided for all of these species. The Palearctic fauna is discussed; vesical illustrations are provided for 10 of the 24 species placed in Plagiognathus in the most recent catalog. Twenty-five new synonymies are created. Twenty-five species are transferred into Plagiognathus from other genera or removed from Plagiognathus and placed in other genera; in addition to the new combinations with definitive generic placement, 16 species are treated as incertae sedis. Microphylellus Reuter, Chaetophylidea Knight, and Parapsallus Wagner are treated as junior synonyms of Plagiognathus. Plagiognathus reuterellus, new name, is proposed to replace Plagiognathus flavipes Reuter, 1875, a junior secondary homonym. Six neotypes and one lectotype are designated in an effort to ensure stability in the application of names within Plagiognathus. A new genus, Tuxedo, with Microphylellus bicinctus Van Duzee, as the type species, is described to accommodate five previously described taxa that do not belong to either Microphylellus or Plagiognathus, in which genera they were originally placed. The generic-group name Zophocnemis Kerzhner is elevated to generic status to accommodate its single included species, bicolor Jakolev, because that species does not fit the revised diagnosis for Plagiognathus. Myochroocoris Reuter is synonymized with Atractotomus Fieber, its single included species, griseolus Reuter from eastern North America, having all of the diagnostic characters of Atractotomus. Specimens were broadly sampled from North American museums, with particular attention paid to the fauna west of the Great Plains. The eastern North American fauna is, nonetheless, treated in detail with the most extensive attempt yet to deal with the fauna of the South. Many new host records are included, clarifying associations for some species, but still leaving the breeding habits of others in question.