This is the ninth edition of this publication which presents in tabular and graphical form astronomical data required for the planning of activities, in particular aircraft movements, where the amount of daylight, the duration of twilight, and the position and phase of the Moon are important. This annual volume contains data for the times of rising and setting of the Sun and Moon, as well as the twilight times for latitudes between N72 degrees and S60 degrees. Graphical methods for determining this information at altitudes of up to 60,000 feet and at high latitudes are also provided, as are standard times for many places around the world.

The paper concerns the field of Extragalactic Infrared Astronomy, discussed at the Fourth RAL Workshop on Astronomy and Astrophysics. Fifteen papers were presented on infrared emission from extragalactic objects. Both ground-(and aircraft-) based and IRAS infrared data were reviewed. The topics covered star formation in galaxies, active galactic nuclei and cosmology.

The spectra of active galactic nuclei and quasars are characterised by permitted broad emission lines of very different ionization levels. Only a small fraction of the total luminosity of an active galactic nucleus or a quasar is emitted in these lines and yet a very generous amount of telescope time is spent observing these lines and an equally generous amount of computer time is spent modelling them. Why ....................? Because; "Sometimes you can't stick your head in the engine so you have to examine the exhaust."--D E Osterbrock. There cannot be a better rational than this for investigating line emission in active galaxies. The seventh RAL Workshop on Astronomy and Astrophysics was organised to "assess the damage" and to explore new ideas for understanding line emission in active galaxies. No particular line of approach was defined for new models, before a "revised standard model" can be accepted the following questions (posed by the participants in the workshop) will have to be answered.

Tabulation of essential astronomical information at a low-precision level for planning purposes

On cover: data for astronomy, space sciences, geodesy, surveying, navigation and other applications