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This policy review aimed (i) to investigate how urgencies such as urbanisation and climate change are recognised in the current policies of a low-income country, and (ii) to investigate how food security, and urban food security in particular, interacts with these policies. Ghana is used as an example. The policy review revealed that the agricultural, nutrition and health, spatial development and climate policies dealt with one or more aspects of food security within the food system framework. The overall conclusion is that the aspects of food security are still covered by the traditional policies: agriculture mainly deals with production, distribution and exchange of food. Nutritional value and food safety, for instance, are main concerns of the health and nutrition policy. However, Ghana is developing the Long-Term National Development Plan (LTNDP) which combines several policies. Food safety is also increasingly considered for the exchange of food from an export perspective: export requires particular food quality standards. The results of our policy review confirm that the integration of food security elements is still in an early process of development. In addition, the urban aspect of food security was hardly considered in the policies relating to food security in Ghana. This review was explored for (urban) food security in Ghana. It is likely that results for other African countries or other low-income countries in other continents would have yielded similar results.
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· 2019
The population of the world is becoming increasingly urbanised due to a combination of natural population growth and rural–urban migration. This will pose major challenges to feed the future population and meet the Sustainable Development Goals. Meeting these complex challenges requires an integrated approach. The transition support system (TSS) approach integrates decision support tools and stakeholder analyses for these complex issues. This study has focused attention on the application of decision support tools of the TSS approach that visualises the urgency of future food security as a proof of concept. To this end, the future food security of the city of Accra, the capital of Ghana, has been taken as a case study. The use of Global-Detector and its maps illustrated a quick way to downscale data and projections from MAGNET (Modular Applied GeNeral Equilibrium Tool) and perform spatial analyses without the burden of acquiring additional data. Downscaling of macroeconomic results of future projections provides insights into future urban food security. Giventhese insights, stakeholders might urge policy or interventions. The results of the exercise are largely determined by the availability of data and maps; in particular, the more detailed information is available, the more accurate the results of our exercise will be.
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Durante doce meses, tuve la fortuna de poder decir unas palabras para cada día del año ante los micrófonos de Radio Renascença, porque tenemos necesidad de palabras-fuerza y de palabras-luz para nuestra vida. Hay palabras que son como saetas que nos atraviesan, y otras semejantes a semillas que se lanzan y se reciben, esperando que den fruto. En el aire flota siempre una pregunta: ¿qué hacer con este día? Y todo puede depender de un don secreto, del impulso y la motivación suscitados por las palabras que se nos dirigen. Hay una enorme sabiduría en vivir cada día como si fuese el primero, y una inmensa felicidad en vivirlo como si fuese el último. Y ambas cosas son posibles al mismo tiempo. El mundo está lleno de sorpresas que nos ponen en camino. Como aquel niño que miraba fascinado a su padre, el cual le decía: "¿ves aquello de allí tan grande y tan alto? Es un árbol... Pues bien, de aquí -prosiguió mientras enterraba una semilla- va a nacer algo como aquello". El niño abría la boca lleno de admiración, a la vez que sonreía. Y creyó. No es que tuviera lógica, pero se lo decía su padre.Vasco Pinto de Magalhaes, sj
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