Originally published in 1914, this book presents a chronological study of English literature from the Anglo-Saxon period through to the Victorian era. The text was not written to provide a comprehensive guide, but rather to give readers a 'companion to studies' which would encourage their curiosity. Each chronological chapter is divided into sections on prose and verse, and a detailed index is also included. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in the literary criticism and the historical development of English literature.

This is the interim report for a study to evaluate the use of sacrificial cathodic protection for reinforced and prestressed concrete bridge members. Cathodic protection (CP) using impressed current is an accepted and common method used to provide corrosion protection to steel in concrete. This study examined the performance of existing sacrificial alloys in different environments for sacrificial CP, and developed new sacrificial alloys for protecting steel in concrete. The study consisted of both laboratory and field tasks. The first task consisted of tests to identify suitable environments for sacrificial alloys. In the second task, two bridges with a zinc sacrificial anode in the Florida Keys were inspected and tested. Data on anode current output, anode and cathode potential, and anode and cathode depolarization were recorded.

This is the final report in a study that evaluated the feasibility of using cathodic protection on prestressed concrete bridge members. Four pretensioned beams were constructed. In addition, two post-tensioned slabs were constructed to evaluate the ability of cathodic current to provide corrosion protection to anchorages and tendons encased in metal or plastic conduits. Cathodic protection currents were supplied by IR drop-free potential controlled rectifiers. Later in the study, constant-current power supplies were utilized.

THIS CHAPTER PROVIDES an overview of standard corrosion testing procedures for freshwater systems. Additional information is provided in Chapter 31-Freshwater. Freshwater can be defined simply as water that is not salty; brackish water as defined by the dictionary is water having a somewhat salty taste. A more quantitative definition of brackish water is water with a salinity between 0.5 and 17 parts per thousand [1]. Then freshwater can be further defined as water with a salinity of less than 0.5 parts per thousand. For the purposes of this chapter, freshwater systems include potable water, heating/cooling, steam, condensate, rivers, streams, lakes, and wastewater.

CORROSION TESTING IN freshwater environments is performed to determine the corrosion characteristics of water, evaluate the behavior of various materials when exposed to water, and evaluate various corrosion mitigation methods. For example, waters in cooling systems are often analyzed to determine how much and what forms of corrosion might occur on a given metal. Screening tests are used to select the most appropriate metal for use as piping material. Various water treatment alternatives can be tested in the laboratory or in a pilot plant. Tests are used to monitor the selected treatment scheme. Laboratory screening tests, detailed simulations, pilot plant studies, and system monitoring are typical corrosion testing methods. In any event, the selection of the appropriate test method will depend on the objectives of the test, details of the system, and the process parameters (e.g., flow, temperature, and chemistry). Test design and analysis are covered elsewhere in this book as well as in the referenced documents. This chapter discusses the causes and types of corrosion common in freshwater systems and the standardized tests used for evaluation. Freshwater can be defined simply as water that is not salty and brackish water is defined by the dictionary as water having a somewhat salty taste. A more quantitative definition of brackish water is water with a salinity between 0.5 and 17 parts per thousand [1] (Ref ASM Materials Engineering Dictionary, J. R. Davis Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1992). Then freshwater can be further defined as water with a salinity less than 0.5 parts per thousand. For the purposes of this chapter, freshwater systems include potable water, heating/cooling, condensate, rivers, streams, and lakes.