A penetrating analysis of weaponized information–one of the most pressing dangers to open societies Now more than ever, communities across the world are integrated into a complex, global information ecosystem that shapes the nature of social, political, and economic life. The ripple effects of actors trying to manipulate or disrupt this information ecosystem are far more severe than the primary effects that are merely being felt in the information space. In fact, the weaponization of narratives has already shown its potential to transform the character of conflict in the twenty-first century. Subversion examines how malicious state and nonstate actors take advantage of the information space to sow political chaos. Andreas Krieg reveals how the coordinated use of weaponized narratives can achieve strategic-level effects through a six-stage process. Preying on vulnerable states and communities to find the fault lines within societies, these campaigns begin in the information space with an ultimate goal of producing tangible results (such as changes to policy or voting behavior, or spurring political violence). Krieg closely examines recent subversion campaigns by two states in particular, focusing on Russia’s interference in Western public discourse and the United Arab Emirates’s demonization of the Muslim Brotherhood as a terrorist organization. Subversion will provide scholars and policymakers with a comprehensive understanding of one of the most urgent threats in international politics along with recommendations on how vulnerable communities can become more resilient.

This book analyses two key topics within international politics: the responsibility to protect (R2P) and the commercialization and privatization of security. In a world of ungoverned spaces, state failure and erupting humanitarian crises, the international community is increasingly called upon to exercise its responsibility to protect communities under threat. Here, Krieg explains the civil-military dynamics behind the state’s failure to effectively intervene in humanitarian crises overseas using its serviceman. The central question that follows is: would the private military contractor be a better alternative agent of the state in humanitarian intervention? This book demonstrates that given his professional identity and role towards client state and public, the contractor can be employed effectively in humanitarian intervention to generate more ethical outcomes. This volume is essential reading for researchers and post-graduate students of R2P, International Security Studies and privatization, as well as Peace and Conflict studies and International Relations more broadly.

This book examines the connection between socio-politics and security in the Arab World. In an effort to understand the social and political developments that have been on-going in the Arab World since the 1990s, culminating in the Arab Spring, Krieg moves beyond liberal deterministic assumptions - most notably that the promotion of liberal values and democracy are the panacea for the structural problems of the region. Instead, this text advances the case that grievances related to individual security needs are at the heart of regional insecurity and instability. Looking towards the future, the author asserts that regimes can only be resilient if they are able to provide for individual security inclusively. When regimes fail to cater for public security, they might be replaced by alternative non-state security providers.

Surrogate Warfare explores the emerging phenomenon of “surrogate warfare” in twenty-first century conflict. The popular notion of war is that it is fought en masse by the people of one side versus the other. But the reality today is that both state and non-state actors are increasingly looking to shift the burdens of war to surrogates. Surrogate warfare describes a patron's outsourcing of the strategic, operational, or tactical burdens of warfare, in whole or in part, to human and/or technological substitutes in order to minimize the costs of war. This phenomenon ranges from arming rebel groups, to the use of armed drones, to cyber propaganda. Krieg and Rickli bring old, related practices such as war by mercenary or proxy under this new overarching concept. Apart from analyzing the underlying sociopolitical drivers that trigger patrons to substitute or supplement military action, this book looks at the intrinsic trade-offs between substitutions and control that shapes the relationship between patron and surrogate. Surrogate Warfare will be essential reading for anyone studying contemporary conflict.

This book communicates the latest findings in pediatric orthopedics and answers key everyday questions in the field in an informative, readily understandable manner. The scope is comprehensive, encompassing all aspects of diagnosis and therapy. After an opening section on basic principles, the two main sections discuss diseases and injuries by site and cover systemic conditions including trauma, infections, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, tumors and hereditary diseases. The book is the translation of the latest edition of the well-known classic Kinderorthopädie in der Praxis, which presents the collected knowledge of experts from Basel University Children's Hospital – Fritz Hefti and his co-workers Reinald Brunner, Carol Claudius Hasler, and Gernot Jundt. This edition has been revised and updated in a variety of ways. New findings are incorporated into all chapters, important advances in treatment are presented and the latest concepts in tumor diagnosis and neuro-orthopedics are discussed. The book contains more than 150 additional illustrations, including new clinical images and radiographs and many further amusing cartoons by Franz Freuler. The aim is to make children’s orthopedics fun – in both practice and theory! The book has received several awards.

This Brief sheds light on the motivation of humanitarian intervention from a theoretical and empirical point of view. An in-depth analysis of the theoretical arguments surrounding the issue of a legitimate motivation for humanitarian intervention demonstrate to what extent either altruism or national/self-interests are considered a righteous stimulus. The question about what constitutes a just intervention has been at the core of debates in Just War Theory for centuries. In particular in regards to humanitarian intervention it is oftentimes difficult to define the criteria for a righteous intervention. More than in conventional military interventions, the motivation and intention behind humanitarian intervention is a crucial factor. Whether the humanitarian intervention cases of the post-Cold War era were driven by altruistic or by self-interested considerations is a question is covered within and enables a comprehensive and holistic evaluation of the question of what motivates Western democracies to intervene or to abstain from intervention in humanitarian crises. ​

Rund um den Persischen Golf, der auch Arabischer Golf genannt wird, verschärfen sich die Konflikte. Mit Saudi-Arabien und dem Iran liegen einander zwei Erzfeinde an jenem Meer gegenüber, das als wichtigster Transportweg der fossilen Energieträger dient. Der Irak ist nach fast 20 Jahren Krieg völlig ausgelaugt, während die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate und Katar Bombeneinsätze in anderen arabischen Staaten fliegen. Neben den regionalen Konfliktparteien agieren globale Mächte, allen voran die USA, die nach den zerstörerischen Interventionen im Irak (1991 bzw. 2003) als Schutzmacht des saudischen Königshauses auftreten. Geopolitisch auf der anderen Seite steht die zerbrechlichere Allianz zwischen dem Iran und Russland. Als weitere "Außenseiter" haben sich die Türkei und Israel militärisch in Stellung gebracht, während China mit seinem Projekt der "Neuen Seidenstraße" auch in der Golfregion wirtschaftlich immer stärker auftritt. Matin Baraki und Fritz Edlinger haben eine Reihe von ExpertInnen zu den brennendsten Fragen der Region versammelt, wobei besonderes Augenmerk auf die wirtschaftlichen Hintergründe und sozialen Auswirkungen der Krise gelegt wird. Das Öl ist längst zu einem Fluch für die Völker der Region geworden. Eine Handvoll Königshäuser und Emire teilen sich auf arabischer Seite die Gewinne aus Erdöl- und Erdgasförderung, während im Iran eine neue Klasse schiitischer Geistlicher eine islamische Republik zu ihren Gunsten verwaltet. Eine Zeittafel und eine ausgewählte Bibliographie beschließen den Band.