Using micro-data representing over 130 million online work profiles, we explore transitions into and out of jobs most likely to be affected by a transition away from carbon-intensive production technologies. Exploiting detailed textual data on job title, firm name, occupation, and industry to focus on workers employed in carbon-intensive ("dirty") and non-carbon-intensive ("green") jobs, we find that the rate of transition from dirty to green jobs is rising rapidly, increasing ten-fold over the period 2005-2021 including a significant uptick in EV-related jobs in recent years. Overall however, fewer than 1 percent of all workers who leave a dirty job appear to transition to a green job. We find that the persistence of employment within dirty industries varies enormously across local labor markets; in some states, over half of all transitions out of dirty jobs are into other dirty jobs. Older workers and those without a college education appear less likely to make transitions to green jobs, and more likely to transition to other dirty jobs, other jobs, or non-employment. When accounting for the fact that green jobs tend to have later start dates, it appears that green and dirty jobs have roughly comparable job durations.

This paper uses high frequency data on the near universe of online job adverts in the UK to study the impact of the trade policy uncertainty caused by the Brexit referendum on labour demand between January 2015 and September 2019. It develops measures of regional exposure to the threat of potential most-favoured-nation (MFN) tariffs if the UK were to leave the EU without a trade deal. It shows that regions relatively more exposed to the tariff threat differentially reduced online hiring in the period after the referendum and this effect was distinct from the impact of the exchange rate depreciation, uncertainty surrounding future immigration policy and the financial services sector. Both skilled and unskilled job adverts were affected, with unskilled job adverts experiencing a slightly greater relative decline. Based on newspaper coverage and Google searches, the paper develops two novel time-varying measures of Brexit-specific trade policy uncertainty and shows that the relative decline in job adverts was concentrated in months with greater uncertainty about future trade arrangements with the EU. The study concludes that the threat of unravelling global integration has an important impact on labour markets.