Themen der Anästhesiologie - für die Fort- und Weiterbildung Sie möchten sich über Änderungen, Neuerungen, aktuelle Themen oder Trends Ihres Fachgebietes informieren? Sie wollen praxisrelevante Informationen, die anschaulich und verständlich aufbereitet sind? Sie stehen vor der Facharztprüfung und möchten die wichtigsten Fakten Ihres Faches lernen oder noch einmal auffrischen? Das vorliegende Werk bietet aktuelles Fachwissen rund um die Anästhesiologie in hoher Qualität und auf hohem Niveau - verfasst und begutachtet von Experten - zu den Themen: Obstruktive Schlafapnoe im Kindesalter - Anästhesiologische Aspekte Anästhesie bei geriatrischen Patienten - Teil 1: Alter, Organfunktion und typische Erkrankungen Kardiogener Schock Anästhesie bei geriatrischen Patienten - Teil 2: Anästhetika, Patientenalter und Anästhesieführung Tumorschmerz in der Palliativmedizin Ernährung in der Intensivmedizin - Teil 1 Stressläsionen im oberen Gastrointestinaltrakt Anästhesie bei endourologischen und roboterassistierten Eingriffen Wenn das Ruhemembranpotenzial aus der Ruhe kommt - Akute Hyperkaliämie in der perioperativen Phase Vermeidung katheterassoziierter Infektionen Praktische Diagnostik des Säure-Base-Haushalts - Teil 1: Differenzierung von respiratorischen und metabolischen Störungen Praktische Diagnostik des Säure-Base-Haushalts - Teil 2: Differenzierung von metabolischen Störungen Infektionsprävention durch das Anästhesieteam Postpunktioneller Kopfschmerz Ernährung in der Intensivmedizin - Teil 2: spezielle Ernährungsprobleme Narkose zur Elektrokrampftherapie Anästhesiologische Besonderheiten der Trisomie 21 (Down-Syndrom) Inhalative Anästhetika Die Inhalte entsprechen den CME-Beiträgen aus der Fachzeitschrift „Der Anaesthesist“ von Heft 1/2012 - Heft 06/2013 und orientieren sich an der Weiterbildungsordnung „Facharzt für Anästhesiologie“.

During the past decades, intensive collaborative research in the fields of chronic and acute inflammatory disorders has resulted in a better understanding of the pathophysiology and diagnosis of these diseases. Modern therapeutic approaches remain unsatisfactory and shock, sepsis and multiple organ failure (MOF) are still a great challenge in intensive care medicine. Furthermore, treatment of inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis or psoriasis represents an unresolved problem as well. Many factors contribute to the complex course of inflammatory reactions. Microbiological, immunological and toxic agents are able to initiate the inflammatory response by activating a variety of humoural and cellular mediators. In the early phase of inflammation interleukins and lipid-mediators are excessively released and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of organ dysfunction. Cellular lipid membranes represent a dynamic high turnover barrier system, which separate the intracellular from the extracellular space and easily adapt to respective demands. In addition to this barrier function membrane lipids (arachidonic acid) can be oxygenized to biologically active lipid mediators (eicosanoids). These function as "local mediators" which can quickly reach considerable concentrations and, due to their short half life, act in intercellular microenvironments.Two omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 FA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are mainly found in maritime sources, as opposed to omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids found in terrestrial sources (the typical western diet). Contemporary nutritional habits, emphasising industrially produced vegetable oils and animal fats, have disturbed this balance, resulting in a proportional decrease of omega-3 FA. This book presents an update of the pathophysiological impact of lipid mediators in inflammatory disorders and summarises the recent development of therapeutic approaches.

Abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic has pushed many hospitals to their capacity limits. Therefore, a triage of patients has been discussed controversially primarily through an ethical perspective. The term triage contains many aspects such as urgency of treatment, severity of the disease and pre-existing conditions, access to critical care, or the classification of patients regarding subsequent clinical pathways starting from the emergency department. The determination of the pathways is important not only for patient care, but also for capacity planning in hospitals. We examine the performance of a human-made triage algorithm for clinical pathways which is considered a guideline for emergency departments in Germany based on a large multicenter dataset with over 4,000 European Covid-19 patients from the LEOSS registry. We find an accuracy of 28 percent and approximately 15 percent sensitivity for the ward class. The results serve as a benchmark for our extensions including an additional category of palliative care as a new label, analytics, AI, XAI, and interactive techniques. We find significant potential of analytics and AI in Covid-19 triage regarding accuracy, sensitivity, and other performance metrics whilst our interactive human-AI algorithm shows superior performance with approximately 73 percent accuracy and up to 76 percent sensitivity. The results are independent of the data preparation process regarding the imputation of missing values or grouping of comorbidities. In addition, we find that the consideration of an additional label palliative care does not improve the results