Der ausführliche Ratgeber rund ums Thema Betreuung Betreuung von Angehörigen oder selbst Betreuuer werden? Eine gesetzliche Betreuung wird dann sinnvoll, wenn Erwachsene wichtige Lebensbereiche nicht mehr selbst organisieren oder wesentliche Aufgaben nicht mehr allein bewältigen können. Diese Situationen können plötzlich oder auch schleichend auftreten. Wann ist also eine Betreuung sinnvoll und wie kann ich meinen Angehörigen die bestmögliche Betreuung gewährleisten? Der aktuelle Ratgeber von Stiftung Warentest beinhaltet die neuesten Änderungen der Betreuungsreform 2023 und beantwortet alle Fragen, die Angehörige zu Beginn und während einer Betreuung häufig haben: Wie werde ich Betreuer? Welche Rechte und Pflichten begleiten mich in diesem Fall? Wie lassen sich Alltagsprobleme lösen und was kann ich tun, wenn ich mit der Betreuung meiner Verwandten unzufrieden bin? Außerdem geht der Ratgeber ausführlich auf weitere Themen ein und bespricht diese anschaulich anhand von Praxisbeispielen. Praktische Checklisten, detaillierte Fragebögen und Musterbriefe helfen Ihnen eine Übersicht zu bekommen, Ihren Alltag zu erleichtern und sich ohne Stress an das Thema Betreuung heranzutasten. - mit den aktuellen Neuerungen der Betreuungsreform 2023 - hilfreiche Tipps und Ratschläge - mit praktischen Checklisten und detaillierten Fragebögen

Abstract: Previous lesion studies suggest that semantic and phonological fluency are differentially subserved by distinct brain regions in the left temporal and the left frontal cortex, respectively. However, as of yet, this often implied double dissociation has not been explicitly investigated due to mainly two reasons: (i) the lack of sufficiently large samples of brain-lesioned patients that underwent assessment of the two fluency variants and (ii) the lack of tools to assess interactions in factorial analyses of non-normally distributed behavioral data. In addition, previous studies did not control for task resource artifacts potentially introduced by the generally higher task difficulty of phonological compared to semantic fluency. We addressed these issues by task-difficulty adjusted assessment of semantic and phonological fluency in 85 chronic patients with ischemic stroke of the left middle cerebral artery. For classical region-based lesion-behavior mapping patients were grouped with respect to their primary lesion location. Building on the extension of the non-parametric Brunner-Munzel rank-order test to multi-factorial designs, ANOVA-type analyses revealed a significant two-way interaction for cue type (semantic vs. phonological) by lesion location (left temporal vs. left frontal vs. other as stroke control group). Subsequent contrast analyses further confirmed the proposed double dissociation by demonstrating that (i) compared to stroke controls, left temporal lesions led to significant impairments in semantic but not in phonological fluency, whereas left frontal lesions led to significant impairments in phonological but not in semantic fluency, and that (ii) patients with frontal lesions showed significantly poorer performance in phonological than in semantic fluency, whereas patients with temporal lesions showed significantly poorer performance in semantic than in phonological fluency. The anatomical specificity of these findings was further assessed in voxel-based lesion-behavior mapping analyses using the multi-factorial extension of the Brunner-Munzel test. Voxel-wise ANOVA-type analyses identified circumscribed parts of left inferior frontal gyrus and left superior and middle temporal gyrus that significantly double-dissociated with respect to their differential contribution to phonological and semantic fluency, respectively. Furthermore, a main effect of lesion with significant impairments in both fluency types was found in left inferior frontal regions adjacent to but not overlapping with those showing the differential effect for phonological fluency. The present study hence not only provides first explicit evidence for the anatomical double dissociation in verbal fluency at the group level but also clearly underlines that its formulation constitutes an oversimplification as parts of left frontal cortex appear to contribute to both semantic and phonological fluency

Abstract: These data provide estimations of test-retest reproducibility of streamline counts based on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) data using a global tractography algorithm in a sample of young healthy adults. Data on descriptive statistics and factorial analyses of within-session and between-session reproducibility in terms of intra-class correlation coefficients for the absolute agreement between measurements are provided. The effect of several exemplary methodological parameters pertaining to different steps along the tractography processing pipeline on reproducibility are considered. These data are related to the research article entitled 'Probing the reproducibility of quantitative estimates of structural connectivity derived from global tractography' (Schumacher et al., Neuroimage, 175 (2018) 215-229)